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Bruxism
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Dr. Bruna Luiza Silva
Bruxism is characterized by masticatory muscle activity with habits of grinding, clenching, touching, and hitting the teeth or forcibly moving the jaw, leading to pain, spasms, and even dental wear.
Among the main symptoms, we can mention:
• Teeth with worn surfaces;
• Headaches upon waking;
• Loosening of the teeth;
• Jaw joint pain;
• Fatigue during the day, as nocturnal bruxism reduces sleep quality
At Perrella Dental Clinic, we understand that bruxism and its associated problems can stem from a variety of causes. Importantly, emotional and psychological instabilities, alcohol consumption, and anxiety attacks are among the primary contributors. These factors can lead to an excessive burden on the stomatognathic system. Depending on the severity and persistence of the symptoms, this may result in discomfort and pain, or even a limitation in mouth opening, thereby exacerbating the bruxism condition and potentially leading to TMD (temporomandibular disorders), as well as causing muscle tension and hyperactivity.
Furthermore, it is crucial to be vigilant about initial symptoms, such as waking up with sore facial muscles, as this may signify bruxism. Nonetheless, recognizing a broader spectrum of symptoms is essential for an accurate diagnosis. Should you experience at least three of these symptoms, we strongly recommend consulting with a specialist for treatment.
Moreover, the impact of bruxism extends beyond the condition itself, as it can also precipitate dysfunction in the TMJ – the pivotal joint that connects the jaw to the skull.
Who should be particularly alert?
Our observations indicate a higher incidence of bruxism in females, predominantly between the ages of 20 and 40, which may be linked to hormonal fluctuations, daily stress, and adverse emotional states. It is imperative for patients to receive guidance and support in order to identify and discontinue detrimental oral habits, thus alleviating potential discomfort, pain, and dental wear.
What does treatment entail?
A comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach is vital for effective treatment, encompassing both physiotherapy and dental expertise. Our dentists meticulously craft a custom-made splint, which is subsequently adjusted and fitted over the upper teeth, serving as a protective barrier against the lower teeth. Concurrently, physiotherapy plays an instrumental role in managing stress through progressive relaxation techniques, a key component of the treatment regimen. After a thorough evaluation, our physiotherapists may utilize various techniques, including massage, pumping, relaxation exercises, and the application of electrotherapy (ultrasound and laser), as well as thermotherapy (heat and cryotherapy). These methods are adept at breaking the cycle of tension, spasms, and pain on a temporary basis.
Additionally, in cases where bruxism is intertwined with anxiety and depression disorders, treatment may include relaxation techniques (such as biofeedback and psychotherapy) and, when specifically indicated, the prescription of antidepressants or other medications. The application of botulinum toxin, for both daytime and nighttime bruxism, is another intervention that reduces muscle activity. This treatment is suitable for both mild and severe cases and must always be administered under professional supervision.
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